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本文的目的在于,依据湿黑球温度(WGT)的变化与人体生理反应间的关系,提出比较适合我军实际情况的WGT安全上限和耐受时间。实验在热区野外进行。实验观察了受试者的心率、肛温、出汗率、生理紧张指数等八项生理指标及自觉症状和体征等。结果提示,(1)WGT与热环境中劳动者的生理反应关系密切,r值显著性检验,P均小于0.01;(2)WGT能够客观地反映人体与环境之间的热交换以及相应的人体生理反应变化,因此,它可作为一种比较理想的环境热强度评价指标;(3)中强度劳动4h WGT的安全上限值为27.0～28.0℃;(4)在我国南方湿热环境中,当WGT为29.0±1.2、30.0±1.0、31.0±0.6℃时,中强度劳动的人耐受时间分别为4、3和1h左右。
The purpose of this paper is to propose a WGT safety margin and tolerable time that is more suitable for the actual situation of our military based on the relationship between the changes of wet bulb temperature (WGT) and human physiological responses. Experiments in the hot zone field. Experimental observation of the subject’s heart rate, rectal temperature, sweating rate, physiological stress index and other eight physiological indicators and symptoms and signs. The results suggest that (1) WGT is closely related to the labors’ physiological responses in hot environment, and the significance of r value is less than 0.01; (2) WGT can objectively reflect the heat exchange between human body and environment and the corresponding human body Therefore, it can be used as an ideal index to evaluate the environmental thermal intensity. (3) The upper limit of safety of moderate-intensity labor 4h WGT is 27.0 ~ 28.0 ℃. (4) In the wet and hot environment of southern China, When WGT was 29.0 ± 1.2, 30.0 ± 1.0, 31.0 ± 0.6 ℃, the tolerance time of moderate-intensity labor was about 4, 3 and 1 h, respectively.