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目的了解郑州市学校晨检情况和学校常见传染病发生规律,为预防学校传染病暴发和流行提供依据。方法资料来源于郑州市教育局晨检上报系统,对2009—2012年所有中小学校的晨检记录进行收集、整理与分析。结果 2009—2012年晨检共报告各类疾病43 397例,其中传染病占报告病例总数的99.37%,流感及流感样病例占报告病例总数的78.15%。传染病主要发生在4—6月、9月、11月,以呼吸道传染病为主。4 a总因病缺课发生率为8.81%,不同年份学生因病缺课发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=39 000,P<0.01)。结论学校应重点做好呼吸道传染病的预防管理。教育部门要充分利用计算机网络来加强晨检的时效性,同时加大校医培训力度,提高专业技术水平。
Objective To understand the situation of morning checkup in schools in Zhengzhou City and the regular occurrence of infectious diseases in schools, so as to provide the basis for preventing the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases in schools. Methods The information is from the morning inspection system of Zhengzhou Municipal Bureau of Education and collected, sorted out and analyzed the morning census records of all primary and secondary schools from 2009 to 2012. Results A total of 43 397 cases of various diseases were reported in the morning checkup from 2009 to 2012, of which infectious diseases accounted for 99.37% of the total reported cases and influenza and flu-like cases accounted for 78.15% of the total reported cases. Infectious diseases occur mainly in April-June, September and November, mainly respiratory infectious diseases. The prevalence of absenteeism in 4 years was 8.81%. There was significant difference in the incidence of absenteeism among students in different years (χ2 = 39 000, P <0.01). Conclusion Schools should focus on prevention and management of respiratory infectious diseases. The education sector should make full use of computer networks to enhance the timeliness of morning censuses and at the same time increase the training of school doctors and improve the professional skills.