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目的了解绍兴地区乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染孕妇及其新生儿HBV基因型分布以及母婴传播特征。方法收集HBsAg阳性分娩孕妇及其新生儿外周血,用聚合酶联反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分型法鉴定孕妇及新生儿的HBV基因型,对于PCR-RFLP法不能分型的标本,另进行PCR产物直接测序鉴定HBV基因型。结果993例HBsAg阳性孕妇所生新生儿经联合主动、被动免疫,生产HBsAg阳性新生儿116例,新生儿预防接种的失败率为11.68%。116对母婴所测的HBV基因型中,81对为基因B型(69.83%),其中1例为混合型(Ba与Bj),35对为基因C型(30.17%)。新生儿HBV基因型与母亲基因型均一致。结论绍兴地区HBV感染孕妇及其受感染新生儿的基因型分布全部是B型与C型,以B型为主,未见其他基因型,HBV基因型在母婴传播中未见改变。
Objective To investigate the distribution of HBV genotypes and the characteristics of mother-to-infant transmission in pregnant women and their newborns with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Shaoxing. Methods The HBV genotypes of pregnant women and newborns were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) typing method in pregnant women and their newborns with HBsAg positive delivery. Type of specimens, the other for direct sequencing of PCR products identified HBV genotypes. Results A total of 116 newborns with positive HBsAg were immunized with 993 HBsAg positive pregnant women. The rate of newborn vaccination failed was 11.68%. Of the HBV genotypes detected in 116 pairs of maternal and infant, 81 were genotype B (69.83%), of which 1 was mixed (Ba and Bj) and 35 were genotype C (30.17%). Neonatal HBV genotypes and mothers are the same genotype. Conclusion The genotypes of HBV infected pregnant women and their infected newborns in Shaoxing are all B and C genotypes. Most of them are genotype B and no other genotypes are found. HBV genotype has not changed in mother - infant transmission.