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成语是一种结构固定,含义充实丰富的固定词组。汉语成语中的古汉语成分留存问题已经引起许多研究者的关注。因为成语源远流长,形式固定,它在语音、词汇、语法等方面都保留了许多古代汉语的成分。了解、把握汉语成语中的这些古汉语成分,对于我们提升古汉语水平、正确使用成语有着重要的作用。下面,我们以《中国成语大辞典》(上海辞书出版社,2007)为对象,拟就汉语四字格成语中古义留存情况进行考察分析。一、现象考察
An idiom is a fixed phrase with rich meaning. The retention of ancient Chinese components in Chinese idioms has attracted the attention of many researchers. Because the idiom has a long history and a fixed form, it retains many ancient Chinese components in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Understanding and grasping these ancient Chinese components in Chinese idioms plays an important role in improving our ancient Chinese and correctly using idioms. In the following, we use the “Dictionary of Chinese idioms” (Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 2007) as an object and intend to investigate and analyze the ancient meanings retained in Chinese four-character idioms. First, the phenomenon of investigation