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采用4h51Cr释放法，分别以小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞对YAC-1细胞和肿瘤患者外周血淋巴细胞对K562细胞的体外自然杀伤（NK）活性为指标，研究受电离辐射后小鼠脾脏NK细胞活性的变化以及干扰素（IFN－α）对NK细胞活性的影响；并观察肿瘤患者及其放疗后NK细胞活性的变化以及IFN－α的调节作用。结果表明NK细胞具有较强的辐射耐受性，经16Gy照射后24hNK细胞活性显著降低；肿瘤患者的NK细胞活性明显低于正常对照组（P＜0．01），放疗后NK细胞活性进一步降低（P＜0．05）。IFN－α处理NK细胞可以显著增强NK细胞活性，这提示IFN-α有可能作为一种生物应答调节剂用于肿瘤患者、肿瘤放、化疗或手术患者。
The natural killer (NK) activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of K562 cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes of YAC-1 cells and tumor patients were determined by 4h51Cr release method, respectively. The effects of ionizing radiation on NK cell activity of spleen (IFN-α) on the activity of NK cells were observed. The changes of NK cell activity and IFN-α in tumor patients and their radiotherapy were observed. The results showed that NK cells had strong radiation tolerance. The activity of NK cells decreased significantly after 16Gy irradiation. The activity of NK cells in tumor patients was significantly lower than that in normal control group (P <0.01), and NK cell activity was further decreased after radiotherapy (P <0.05). Treatment of NK cells with IFN-α significantly enhanced NK cell activity, suggesting that IFN-α may be used as a biological response modifier in cancer patients, oncology, chemotherapy or surgery patients.