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目的探索有效遏制艾滋病病毒(HIV)通过娱乐场所服务人群向一般人群传播的方法,为预防控制艾滋病(AIDS)提供科学依据。方法对石景山地区娱乐场所服务人员进行AIDS健康教育和行为干预,分别对408名性服务人员在干预前和干预后第3、6、9、15个月,共5次进行现场艾滋病性病相关知识问卷调查,尖锐湿疣(CA)感染率随访跟踪,并进行干预前后效果比较。结果 AIDS预防基本知识题知晓正确率,干预后依次为67.07%、79.77%、90.53%、87.61%,明显高于干预前的51.62%。安全套坚持使用率由干预前52.94%逐步上升至干预后60.98%、70.11%、77.33%、81.25%。CA感染率由干预前的8.82%逐步下降至干预后的6.10%、4.60%、2.67%、1.04%。安全套坚持使用率与性病感染率呈负相关(r=-0.98,P<0.05)。结论对娱乐场所服务人员开展健康教育和行为干预,能有效提高他们艾滋病防治知识知晓率和安全套使用率,但如何建立长期发展的干预机制,有待进一步研究。
Objective To explore ways to effectively prevent the transmission of HIV from the entertainment population to the general population and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of AIDS. Methods AIDS health education and behavioral intervention were conducted for entertainment staff in Shijingshan area. 408 AIDS patients were enrolled in the AIDS epidemic on-site on the first 5, 6, 9 and 15 months after intervention Investigation, Condyloma acuminatum (CA) infection rate follow-up and follow-up comparison of the results. Results The correct rate of AIDS prevention knowledge was known, which was 67.07%, 79.77%, 90.53% and 87.61% respectively after intervention, which was significantly higher than 51.62% before intervention. The condom use rate gradually increased from 52.94% before the intervention to 60.98%, 70.11%, 77.33% and 81.25% after the intervention. The infection rate of CA decreased gradually from 8.82% before intervention to 6.10%, 4.60%, 2.67% and 1.04% after intervention. Condom use rate and STD infection rate was negatively correlated (r = -0.98, P <0.05). Conclusions Health education and behavioral interventions for entertainment staff can effectively improve their knowledge of AIDS prevention and condom use, but how to establish a long-term intervention mechanism remains to be further studied.