在经济活动中,哪些事务应留给市场去进行自发的调节,哪些事务应由政治或“国家”出面进行干涉或协调,即如何对市场与政府做出合理分工?这是自亚当·斯密以来的经济学家们一直讨论的核心问题,也是当前人们在讨论福利国家的危机及其出路时要涉及的中心议题。对这个问题做出的任何回答,都直接或间接地使用了一个规范性的标准,以此对市场运行和政治过程做出判断和比较,同时也以一套关于市场和政府运行属性的理论作为预设。 In economic activities, what matters should be left to the market for voluntary adjustment and what matters should be intervened or coordinated by the political or “state”, that is, how to make a reasonable division of labor between the market and the government? The core issues that the economists since Smith have been discussing are also the central issues that people are currently dealing with when discussing the crisis of the welfare state and its solution. Any answer to this question, either directly or indirectly, uses a normative standard to make judgments and comparisons of market operations and political processes, as well as a set of theories about the market and the nature of government operations Default.