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一、几种不同看法 近几年来,国内不少同志从不同的方面论述了不同地点全新世中期高海面的问题。此问题的提出可以追溯到本世纪初,1920年R.A.Daly发现印度洋和太平洋的一些地方有高于平均海面约6米的新鲜珊瑚礁阶地。众所周知,珊瑚只能生长在低潮位附近,因此他推论在近代时期发生了世界性的洋面下降。而且,他用冰川控制的观点解释这种现象,认为气候较今温暖的大西洋期的海面比现在高6米。后来,又有人在澳大利亚、北非、日本等地亦发现同期高海面的遗迹。 另外,一些人则不同意此高海面的说法。如H.N.Fisk(1951)、J.M.Coleman和W.G.Smith(1964)等人根据对墨西哥湾沿岸的研究,他们看到海湾沿岸新老海滩沉积物之间的差别甚微,应用地貌学的原则及C~(14)的测年资料,得出5,000年以来海平面并无变化的结论。
I. Different Views In recent years, many comrades in our country have discussed the issue of the high sea level in different locations during the mid-Holocene from different aspects. The issue is dated back to the beginning of this century. In 1920 R.A.Daly found that some parts of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean had fresh reef terraces that were about 6 meters above the average sea surface. It is well-known that corals can only grow near the low tide, so he reasoned that a worldwide decline was occurring in modern times. Moreover, he explained the phenomenon from the glacier control point of view, arguing that the climate is now 6 meters above sea level in today’s warmer Atlantic period. Later, some people in Australia, North Africa, Japan and other places also found the same period the remains of the high sea. In addition, some people do not agree with this high sea. Such as HNFisk (1951), JMColeman and WGSmith (1964) and others based on the Gulf Coast study, they see the Gulf coast of the old and new beach sediment difference is very small, the application of the principle of geomorphology and C ~ (14) dating data, come to 5000 years of sea level has not changed the conclusion.