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乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者是乙型肝炎的重要传染源，已成为人们普遍关注的公共卫生问巴据估计，全世界约有到2亿人为HBsAg携带者，而我国约有一亿人口HBsAg阳性[1]。为了解青少年学生乙肝表面抗原携带的现状，探索乙型肝炎的预防对策，作者1996年11月对镇江市丹徒县和润州、京口两区的19所大、中、小学的学生进行了抽样调查；用北京生物制品研究所提供的药盒、RPHA法进行了乙肝表面抗原的检测，检测人数共3354人（男1701人，女1653人）；结果阳性人数73人，平均阳性率为2．18％，低于全国总体人群10％的感染率。性别差异：平均阳性率比较．男生高于女生P＜0．01；年龄差异:7岁年龄组阳性率最高，19岁年龄组阳性率最低，P＜0．05；城乡差异：农村高于城市，P＜0．01。结果表明的青少年学生乙型肝炎表面抗原携带率明显低于全国总体人群及其不同人群的分布特点，提示对青少年，特别是对小学学生和农村学生加强乙型肝炎的防治、对控制乙型肝炎总体人群的发病率是重要的和必要的。
Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers are an important source of hepatitis B infection and have become a public health concern. It is estimated that about 200 million people worldwide are carriers of HBsAg, while about 100 million people in our country have HBsAg positive [1]. In order to understand the present situation of hepatitis B surface antigen carried by adolescent students and explore the preventive measures against hepatitis B, the authors sampled 19 primary, secondary and primary students from Dantu County, Runzhou and Jingkou in Zhenjiang in November 1996 The number of HBsAg was detected by RPHA method. The total number of detection was 3354 (including 1701 males and 1653 females). The positive number was 73 and the average positive rate was 2. 18%, lower than the national population of 10% infection rate. Gender differences: average positive rate comparison. P> 0.01; age difference: the highest positive rate was in the 7-year-old group, the lowest was in the 19-year-old group, P <0.05; the difference between urban and rural areas was higher in rural areas than in urban areas, P <0.01. The results showed that the carrying rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in adolescent students was significantly lower than that of the general population in China and their different populations, suggesting that hepatitis B should be strengthened and prevented in adolescents, especially for primary school students and rural students. The overall incidence of the population is important and necessary.