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目的通过对青岛市新发职业病的分析,总结青岛市近年来职业病病例的某些职业和人口特征。方法根据青岛市职业病诊断机构诊断档案,对2006—2013年新发职业病情况进行汇总分析,使用EXCEL软件建立数据库,用百分率统计分析青岛市职业病状况。结果青岛市2006—2013年共有新发职业病700例,涉及5类29个病种,分别是尘肺病(70.3%)、职业中毒(14.0%)、职业性噪声聋(11.3%)、职业性皮肤病(2.1%)、职业性哮喘(1.2%)、职业性肿瘤(0.6%);病例分布在多种行业,建材、化工、矿业居于前3位,分别占28.7%、14.1%及7.4%;近5年职业病诊断例数呈递减趋势;但职业中毒呈V型反弹上升趋势。结论职业病预防策略仍需进一步改善。
Objective To summarize some occupational and demographic characteristics of occupational diseases in Qingdao in recent years through the analysis of new occupational diseases in Qingdao. Methods Based on the diagnostic file of the occupational disease diagnosis organization in Qingdao City, the new occupational diseases in 2006-2013 were summarized and analyzed. The database was established with EXCEL software and the occupational disease status in Qingdao was analyzed by percentage. Results A total of 700 new occupational diseases were reported in Qingdao from 2006 to 2013, involving 29 diseases in 5 categories and were pneumoconiosis (70.3%), occupational poisoning (14.0%), occupational noisy hearing loss (11.3%), occupational skin (2.1%), occupational asthma (1.2%) and occupational tumor (0.6%). The cases were distributed in various industries and the top three were building materials, chemicals and mining, accounting for 28.7%, 14.1% and 7.4% respectively. In the past 5 years, the number of cases of occupational diseases showed a decreasing trend; however, occupational poisoning showed a V-shaped rebound upward trend. Conclusion Occupational disease prevention strategies still need to be further improved.