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磁场处理是改善钢的组织和性能的方法之一。研究结果表明,淬火过程中加入较强磁场可促进A→M 转变,减少钢中残余奥氏体量,并细化马氏体组织。对于Ms 温度较高的低、中碳钢,磁场淬火可增强其自回火效应,加速碳的脱溶和碳化物的析出。磁场的影响可归结为磁化使马氏体自由能降低、Ms 点升高以及磁致伸缩效应产生弹性畸变能所致。参照已有的热力学数据,计算了磁场对Ms 的影响。计算表明,20000奥斯特的磁场使碳钢的MS 升高3～8℃。含碳最增加,磁场对Ms 的影响减弱。
Magnetic field treatment is one of the ways to improve the microstructure and properties of steel. The results show that adding a strong magnetic field during quenching can promote A → M transformation, reduce the amount of retained austenite and refine the martensite. For the Ms high temperature medium and low carbon steel, magnetic field quenching can enhance its self-tempering effect, accelerate the desolventizing of carbon and carbide precipitation. The effect of the magnetic field can be attributed to magnetization so martensite free energy can be reduced, Ms point increased and the magnetostrictive effect of elastic distortion caused by energy. With reference to the existing thermodynamic data, the influence of magnetic field on Ms was calculated. Calculations show that a magnetic field of 20,000 oersted increases the MS of the carbon steel by 3 to 8 ° C. Carbon most increased, the impact of the magnetic field on Ms weakened.