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转基因小鼠的出现有力地推动了肿瘤研究的发展。具有癌症倾向的转基因小鼠，是从DNA水平开展有关人类恶性肿瘤发生、生长、转移和防治研究的良好活休模型。肿瘤形成与控制细胞生长和分化的多种基因特别是癌基因、抑癌基因的遗传改变有关。在利用转基因小鼠进行实验研究时，对由相同结构基因建立的不同转基因小鼠家系在癌基因表达上的时空差异性，应当给予足够的重视。此外，实现转基因动物生产的专业化、产业化，将会加速我国生命科学领域中转基因动物应用研究的进程。
The emergence of transgenic mice has strongly promoted the development of cancer research. Transgenic mice with a propensity to develop cancer are well-established live-off models for the development, growth, metastasis, and prevention of human malignancies at the DNA level. Tumor formation is associated with genetic alterations that control cell growth and differentiation, particularly oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. When using transgenic mice for experimental studies, attention should be paid to the temporal and spatial differences in the expression of oncogenes in the families of different transgenic mice established by the same structural gene. In addition, the realization of the specialization and industrialization of transgenic animal production will accelerate the application of transgenic animals in the field of life sciences in China.