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【目的】寻找新的条锈病抗源并建立高效抗源筛选和评价体系,为小麦抗条锈病育种提供理论依据。【方法】针对1 980份尚未大量应用于中国小麦生产的地方品种和国外种质,在陕西杨凌地区人工混合小种接种鉴定圃和甘肃天水地区自然诱发鉴定圃进行连续3年的成株期抗病性鉴定筛选;利用苗期抗谱分析,同时以Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26等已知抗条锈病基因的分子标记进行检测筛查,综合分析所筛选的抗病材料可能携带的抗病基因。【结果】筛选出8份具有全生育期抗性和42份具成株期抗性的小麦条锈病抗源。结合抗病表现和已知Yr基因分子检测分析表明:50份抗病材料中有6份材料可能带有Yr9;2份材料可能带有Yr10;21份材料可能带有Yr18;未发现携带Yr5、Yr15和Yr26的抗源;品冬34、青春39等6份材料可能携带未发掘的全生育期抗条锈病新基因。【结论】建立了小麦条锈病抗源鉴定和评价体系,筛选出50余份具有不同抗病性特征的抗源材料,为进一步培育抗条锈病新品种奠定了基础。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to find a new source of stripe rust resistance and to establish a highly effective source screening and evaluation system to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of stripe rust resistance in wheat. 【Method】 A total of 1 980 cultivars and foreign germplasm that had not been widely used in wheat production in China were tested for their ability to induce adult plants in the mixed inoculum of Yangling in Shaanxi Province and natural induced identification in Tianshui of Gansu for three years in succession Screening by molecular identification of resistance genes for stripe rust of Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr18 and Yr26 at the same time by using anti-disease spectrum analysis at seedling stage. The resistant materials screened by comprehensive analysis may carry Disease resistance genes. 【Result】 Eight wheat stripe rust resistance sources were screened for their resistance to all growth stages and 42 cultivars with adult-stage resistance. According to the results of disease resistance and molecular marker analysis of known Yr gene, 6 of the 50 disease-resistant materials may carry Yr9, 2 of them may have Yr10, 21 of them may have Yr18, Yr15 and Yr26; 6 materials, such as Pintej 34 and Ju 39, may carry unexplored new genes of stripe rust resistance during the whole growth period. 【Conclusion】 The identification system of resistance to wheat stripe rust was established and more than 50 anti-source materials with different disease resistance characteristics were screened out, which laid the foundation for further breeding of new resistant varieties of stripe rust.