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作为共同的理论与实践背景,市场经济条件是探讨不同国家如何处理公平与效率关系的基础。通过比较,作者认为中外文献关于公平与效率关系的研究存在相似的议题:公平与效率何者优先?公平与效率是否冲突?公平与效率之间存在最优均衡点吗?然而,即使议题和背景大体相同,中外文献的研究却有着很大的差异,这些差异源自文化传统、分析范式、政策导向和基本经济制度的不同。本着求同存异的原则,在市场经济条件下,西方文献关于公平与效率关系的研究成果值得我们有选择地借鉴。
As a common theoretical and practical background, the conditions for a market economy are to explore the basis for how different countries handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency. By comparison, the author thinks there is a similar topic in the research on the relationship between fairness and efficiency in Chinese and foreign literatures: Which is the priority of fairness and efficiency? Is the conflict between fairness and efficiency? Is there an optimal balance between fairness and efficiency? However, In the same way, the studies of Chinese and foreign literatures have made great differences. These differences originate from the differences of cultural traditions, analytical paradigms, policy orientations and basic economic systems. In the principle of seeking common grounds while reserving differences, under the condition of market economy, the research results of western literature on the relationship between fairness and efficiency deserve our reference.