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以普通玉米自交系丹232和爆裂玉米自交系N04为亲本构建259个F2:3和220个BC2S1家系群体,利用SSR标记构建分子标记遗传图谱,利用复合区间作图方法对4个生育期性状进行QTL定位和效应分析。利用F2:3群体共检测到4个抽雄期QTL、6个吐丝期QTL和3个散粉期QTL。单个QTL可解释的表型变异为6.7%~18.4%,可解释的表型总变异为28.9%~50.3%,11个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较长的亲本丹232,其余2个QTL的增效基因来自生育期较短的亲本N04;BC2S1群体检测到8个与4个生育期性状相关的QTL,单个QTL可解释的表型变异为4.5%~11.6%,可解释的表型总变异为13.2%~18.5%,增效基因来自两个亲本的QTL为3个和5个。两类群体检测出QTL的数目、位置、效应和贡献率均存在较大差异,主要原因在于BC2S1群体抽样选择所引起的群体结构差异,F2:3群体显示出较高的QTL检测能力,但回交育种过程中应慎重依据F2:3群体QTL定位结果进行标记辅助选择(MAS)。
A total of 259 F2: 3 and 220 BC2S1 pedigree populations were constructed using the common maize inbred line Dan 232 and popcorn inbred line N04 as the parents. The SSR markers were used to construct the molecular markers genetic map, and the composite interval mapping method was used to analyze the four growth stages Traits QTL mapping and effect analysis. Four QTLs for tasseling, six QTLs for silking and three QTLs for powdering stage were detected using F2: 3 population. The phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL ranged from 6.7% to 18.4%, and the total phenotypic variation explained from 28.9% to 50.3%. The 11 QTLs were derived from the longer parent Dan 232 and the remaining two QTLs Of the male sterile lines were from the shorter parent N04. Eight QTLs were detected in the BC2S1 population, which were related to the four reproductive traits. The single QTL explained a phenotypic variance of 4.5% ~ 11.6% The variation ranged from 13.2% to 18.5%. The QTLs for synergistic genes from two parents were 3 and 5. There were significant differences in the number, location, effect and contribution rate of QTL detected by the two groups, mainly due to the differences in population structure caused by sampling selection of BC2S1 population, F2: 3 population showed higher QTL detection ability, but The breeding process should be carefully based on F2: 3 QTL mapping results for marker-assisted selection (MAS).