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上海城镇集体企业的基本情况上海市城镇集体企业,就其发展阶段而论可分为四大类型。一是50年代对私营企业社会主义改造的合作化运动和大跃进时期解放家庭妇女劳动力兴办的老集体企业;二是70年代末安置回沪知青创办的安置型集体企业;三是80年代以来搞活经济兴办的各种“三产”型集体企业;四是90年代以来改制中组建的股份合作制新集体企业。上海的集体企业经济经过四十多年的发展,已经具有一定的规模,成为上海国民经济的重要组成部分,在经济建设、社会稳定中发挥了十分重要作用。涌现了一批全市、乃至全国有一定影响的“小巨人”。有数十户集体企业改制成上市公司。如上海华生化工有限公司是1982年为安置知青创办的集体企业,发展至今净资产规模已达18亿多。科技型集体企业的发展更为迅猛,全市4000多家科技型集体企业在推进全市科技成
Shanghai urban collective enterprises in the basic situation Shanghai urban collective enterprises, in terms of its development stage can be divided into four types. First, the cooperative movement toward the socialist transformation of the private-owned enterprises in the 1950s and the old collective enterprise for liberating the working women and men of the family during the Great Leap Forward. Second, the resettlement-oriented collective enterprises established by the returned-educated youth in Shanghai in the late 1970s. Third, Economic establishment of various “three production ” type of collective enterprises; four is 90 years since the reform set up in the joint-stock cooperative system of new collective enterprises. After more than 40 years of development, the collective enterprise economy in Shanghai has already reached a certain scale and has become an important part of Shanghai's national economy. It has played a very important role in economic construction and social stability. The emergence of a number of the city, and even the country has a certain influence “Little Giant ”. There are dozens of collective enterprises restructuring into listed companies. For example, Shanghai Watson Chemical Co., Ltd. was founded in 1982 as a group of educated youth collective enterprises, the development of net assets so far reached 1.8 billion. The development of science and technology collective enterprises is more rapid, the city more than 4,000 science and technology collective enterprises in promoting the city's science and technology into