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本研究的目的在于确定能否育出其烟叶在热解时产生低微粒物的烤烟栽培品种。研究内容包括:测定单个基因型微粒物指数用的植株取样技术,当前生产上栽培品种的微粒物指势(PMI)的变动,不同烟草类型栽培品种的遗传变异,各种生产条件对 PMI 的影响,以及广泛用来培育烤烟栽培品种的种质资源所产生的F_5品系当中 PMI 的遗传变异。观察到,调制后烟叶的 PMI,依烟叶在茎秆上的着生部位从底到顶呈直线上升。在10个当前推广的烤烟品种中,没有发现基因型×着生部位间的交互影响。这些品种之间,PMI 有所不同,但差异很小,而且在不同的环境下并不始终一致。5种类型的43个烟草栽培品种,其 PMI 的产生量极其多种多样。在烤烟类型的范围之内,栽培品种的变异很大,看来在 PMI 的选育工作中无须用类型间杂交方法来扩大亲本群体。这些基因型的植株,打顶的烟叶总生物碱含量比不打顶的高33%。就打顶的植株来看,没有中脉(已去梗)的烟叶样品提高了 PMI,而带有维管组织(未去梗)的烟叶样品降低了 PMI.有维管组织的样品烟叶燃烧后,PMI 降低了10%,总生物碱降低了20%。从 Hicks×Coker 139组合随机取120个 F_5品系,其微粒物指数的变幅为173.8—225.8毫克/克,群体平均为199.0毫克/克。从这些品系的群体中选出8.3%的 PMI 最低的品系,其下一代的 PMI 比群体平均下降10.2毫克/克,即下降了5.1%。
The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not a flue-cured tobacco cultivar that produces low levels of particulate matter during its pyrolysis can be bred. The research contents include: plant sampling technique for determining single-genus microparticle index, variation of microparticles (PMI) of cultivars in current production, genetic variation of different tobacco cultivars, and influence of various production conditions on PMI , As well as the genetic variation of PMI among the F_5 lines that are widely used to cultivate germplasm resources of flue-cured tobacco cultivars. It was observed that the PMI of tobacco leaves after the modulation increased linearly from bottom to top according to the location of the tobacco leaves on the stem. Among the ten currently promoted flue-cured tobacco varieties, no interaction between genotypes × loci was found. There is a difference in PMI between these varieties, but the difference is small and not always consistent under different circumstances. The 43 tobacco cultivars of the 5 types are extremely diverse in their PMI production. Within the range of types of flue-cured tobacco, variations in cultivars are substantial and there appears to be no need to expand the parental population by means of inter-type crossbreeding in PMI breeding. The total alkaloid content of these genotype plants, topped tobacco, was 33% higher than that of the non-topped ones. In terms of topping plants, tobacco samples without midrib (already stemmed) increased PMI, whereas tobacco samples with vasculature (non-stemmed) reduced PMI.With the sample of vascular tissue burned, PMI decreased by 10%, total alkaloid decreased by 20%. A total of 120 F_5 lines were randomly selected from the Hicks × Coker 139 combination and their MICs ranged from 173.8 to 225.8 mg / g, with an average of 199.0 mg / g. Choosing 8.3% of the lowest PMIs from these strains, their PMIs for the next generation dropped by an average of 10.2 mg / g over the population, or 5.1%.