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目的:从个体角度解析知情选择避孕方法对人工流产发生的影响,并进一步探究两者间的相互关系。方法:采取病例对照研究方法(case-control),根据已婚育龄妇女管理信息系统登记名单,从浙江省德清县、山东省即墨市、安徽省居巢区、宁夏回族自治区中卫市四县(市、区)中,每县(市、区)随机抽取在2002￣2004年间有过人工流产经历的已婚妇女200名,以及截止2004年底从未有过人工流产经历的已婚妇女200名进行1∶1配对。结果:IUD使用者对IUD禁忌证、副作用知情,以及避孕套使用者对正确使用知识知情,可降低人工流产的发生;此外,促进群众能够主动地选择避孕节育方法,而不是由计划生育干部代替选择,则人工流产的发生会降低。从提供个性化咨询服务、规范化筛查服务以及常规化随访服务等方面提高服务能力和质量,促进知情和自主选择避孕方法,可以降低人工流产的发生。结论:对使用IUD和避孕套者,知情可降低人工流产的发生;自主选择对减少避孕失败的发生有重要的影响;技术服务贯穿整个知情选择的全过程,服务到位是降低人工流产的重要手段。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of informed choice contraceptive methods on induced abortion from an individual point of view, and to further explore the relationship between them. Methods: A case-control case-control study was conducted based on the registration list of management information system for married women of childbearing age from Deqing County in Zhejiang Province, Jimo City in Shandong Province, Juchao District in Anhui Province and Zhongwei City in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region , Districts), 200 randomly selected married women who had experienced induced abortions between 2002 and 2004 and 200 married women who had never experienced any induced abortions by the end of 2004. 1 : 1 pairing. Results: IUD users ’knowledge of IUD contraindications, side effects, and condom users’ knowledge of correct use of knowledge can reduce the incidence of induced abortion. In addition, promoting the masses to take the initiative to choose the method of contraception rather than being replaced by family planning cadres Select, then the incidence of induced abortion will be reduced. From the provision of personalized counseling services, standardized screening services and routine follow-up services to improve service capacity and quality, and promote informed and independent choice of methods of contraception, can reduce the incidence of induced abortion. CONCLUSIONS: Informed use of IUDs and condoms can reduce the incidence of induced abortion. Independent choice has a significant impact on reducing the incidence of contraceptive failure. Technical service runs through the entire process of informed choice. Service is an important means of reducing abortion .