Real-time phase shift Mach-Zehnder interference technique, imaging technique, and computer image processing technique were combined to perform a real-time diagnosis of NaClO3 crystal, which de- scribed both the dissolution process and the crystallization process of the NaClO3 crystal in real-time condition. The dissolution fringes and the growth fringes in the process were obtained. Moreover, a distribution of concentration field in this process was obtained by inversion calculation. Finally, the buoyancy convection phenomenon caused by gravity in the crystal growth process was analyzed. The results showed that this convection phenomenon directly influences the growth rate of each crystal face in the crystal. Real-time phase shift Mach-Zehnder interference technique, imaging technique, and computer image processing technique were combined to perform a real-time diagnosis of NaClO3 crystal, which de- scribed both the dissolution process and the crystallization process of the NaClO3 crystal in real -time condition. The dissolution of creinges and the growth fringes in the process were obtained. Finally, the distribution of concentration field in this process was obtained by inversion calculation. Finally, the buoyancy convection phenomenon caused by gravity in the crystal growth process was analyzed. The results showed that this convection phenomenon directly affect the growth rate of each crystal face in the crystal.