新型农村合作医疗自2003年试点以来,取得了举世瞩目的成绩。但在推进过程中,制度内外也出现了一些新的问题和矛盾,影响了新型农村合作医疗制度的可持续发展。因而,需要采取增加政策支持、建立法律保障、强化监管、优化农村卫生服务体系等来改善新型农村合作医疗制度的运行环境;建立稳定的筹资与增长机制、科学的补偿机制、有效的费用控制机制和严格的管理机制来优化新型农村合作医疗制度建设。 Since its pilot project in 2003, the new rural cooperative medical system has made remarkable achievements. However, during the process of advancing, some new problems and contradictions emerged both inside and outside the system, affecting the sustainable development of the new rural cooperative medical system. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the operating environment of the new rural cooperative medical system by increasing policy support, establishing legal guarantee, strengthening supervision and optimizing the rural health service system. Establishing a stable financing and growth mechanism, a scientific compensation mechanism and an effective cost control mechanism And strict management mechanism to optimize the new rural cooperative medical system.