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矿物原料的综合利用对于有色冶金工业来说具有特别重要的意义,因为它们的特点是,开采的矿石是多组分的,并且其中的有色金属含量又比较低,一般只有百分之几,甚至十万分之几。目前,苏联在有色金属生产中,每年需要开采和处理的采掘物超过20亿吨。有色冶金工业部门多年的工作经验表明,解决矿物原料综合利用这样一个重要问题,是一项复杂的科学技术、经济和生态学任务。解决这些任务要靠国民经济各部门的科研、设计和生产人员共同作出大量创造性的劳动。目前在有色冶金工业部门中,除能生产12种主要有色金属外,还能从原料中回收62种元素。从低于工业品位的矿石中副产回收的铜、铅、锌、钼的数量,已超过它们总产量的10%。
The combined use of mineral raw materials is of particular importance to the non-ferrous metallurgical industry because of their multi-component nature and the low levels of non-ferrous metals therein, generally only a few percent, or even A few hundred thousandths. At present, the Soviet Union needs over 2 billion tons of extractives each year to be mined and treated in non-ferrous metal production. Years of work experience in the non-ferrous metallurgical industry show that solving such an important issue as the comprehensive utilization of mineral raw materials is a complicated task of science, technology, economy and ecology. To solve these tasks, we must rely on scientific research, design and production personnel from all departments of the national economy to jointly make a large amount of creative work. Currently in the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, in addition to being able to produce 12 major non-ferrous metals, 62 elements can be recovered from feedstock. The amount of copper, lead, zinc and molybdenum by-products recovered from sub-industrial ores has exceeded 10% of their total output.