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【目的】了解北部湾海表面温度(SST)变化特征及其影响因素。【方法】根据NOAA提供的北部湾海域1994~2013年间SST、海面风场、潜热通量、Nino 3.4指数资料,采用平均值法、最小二乘法分析海域冬、夏两季SST分布及变化特征;采用相关系数法计算SST与海面风场、潜热通量及Nino 3.4指数间的相关系数,分析海面风场、潜热通量、厄尔尼诺效应对SST的影响。【结果】1994~2013年间,北部湾海域冬季SST约为19.0~24.0℃,大致呈“北冷南暖”的特点,夏季SST相差不大,约为28.6~29.8℃;海域冬季以降温为主,幅度约为-0.03℃/a,夏季则表现为小幅度升温,幅度约为0.01℃/a;纬向风、潜热通量对SST影响较大,厄尔尼诺事件仅在厄尔尼诺显著年对SST有显著的影响。【结论】纬向风、潜热通量对北部湾SST影响较大,厄尔尼诺现象在厄尔尼诺显著年对SST有较大的影响。
【Objective】 To understand the characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) in Beibu Gulf and its influencing factors. 【Method】 Based on the SST, sea surface wind field, latent heat flux and Nino 3.4 index data of Beibu Gulf from 1994 to 2013 provided by NOAA, the distribution of SST and the characteristics of SST in both winter and summer seasons were analyzed by means of averaging method and least squares method. Correlation coefficient method was used to calculate the correlation coefficient between SST and sea surface wind field, latent heat flux and Nino 3.4 index, and the influence of sea surface wind field, latent heat flux and El Niño effect on SST was analyzed. 【Result】 The winter SST of Beibu Gulf was about 19.0 ~ 24.0 ℃ between 1994 and 2013, which was roughly “north cold and warm south”. The SST in summer was not significantly different (about 28.6 ~ 29.8 ℃) , With a magnitude of about -0.03 ℃ / a in summer and a slight increase in summer with an amplitude of about 0.01 ℃ / a; zonal wind and latent heat flux have a great influence on SST. The El Niño event is only significant in El Nino years Have a significant impact. 【Conclusion】 The zonal wind and latent heat flux have a great influence on the SST of the Beibu Gulf. The El Niño phenomenon has a significant impact on the SST during the significant El Niño period.