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为掌握学生致聋原因,选上海19所聋校1168名学生作调查探讨,初步认为:聋生听力丧失可发生任何年龄,出生6个月以内患病率低;但1—4岁失听患病率最高达64.6%,后以随年龄增长而逐渐减少。聋生听力逐渐丧失略高于立即丧失。有残余听力同时有语言保留者,占有残听者78.6%,无残余听力而尚存语言保留者,占无残听者21.4%。聋生听力语言全丧失者半数以上(51.8%)是不可逆的;5.82%聋生如经正规教育、语言训练等,则语言机能将会有所进步。先天致聋因素较复杂,近亲结婚是其主要因素之一;后天致聋因素主要为各类急性传染病和氨基糖甙类耳毒性抗生素,尤其是链霉素(双氢)、卡那、庆大、新霉素等。
In order to grasp the causes of deafness among students, 1168 students from 19 deaf schools in Shanghai were selected for investigation. It is preliminarily believed that hearing loss in deaf students can occur at any age and the prevalence within 6 months after birth is low. However, The highest rate of 64.6%, with the gradual decline with age. Deaf students gradually lose hearing slightly higher than immediately lost. 78.6% of them have residual hearing, while others have speech reserves. There is no remaining speech while remaining speech reserves, accounting for 21.4% of non-disabled listeners. More than half (51.8%) of the hearing-impaired children with deafness are irreversible; 5.82% of the deaf students will be able to improve their language function through formal education and language training. Inborn deafness is complicated, and the marriage of relatives is one of the main factors. The acquired deafness factors are mainly all kinds of acute infectious diseases and aminoglycoside ototoxic antibiotics, especially streptomycin (dihydrogen), kaina Large, neomycin and so on.