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目的 探讨Ｃｆｏｓ 基因在正常肝、硬化肝、肝癌组织中表达及肝组织癌变的机理。方法 收集肝癌切除标本和肝硬化门脉高压者肝活检组织各２０ 例，正常对照１０ 例，肝癌病例中乙肝阳性者１６例，肝硬化中肝炎后肝硬化１５ 例，血吸虫性肝硬化５ 例。应用ＳＰ免疫组化法计算其阳性率、阳性细胞指数、强阳性表达率。结果 肝癌和硬化肝组织的阳性率、阳性细胞指数均显著高于对照肝，而肝癌和肝硬化组却差异无显著性。阳性切片中，强阳性表达，肝癌显著高于肝硬化组。肝癌中乙肝阳性者阳性细胞指数与阴性者差异无显著性。肝硬化中肝炎性肝硬化和血吸虫性肝硬化亦差异无显著性。结论 Ｃｆｏｓ 作为一种早期应答基因，在肝组织由正常到硬化和癌变中有一个渐进性的量变过程。肝炎病毒和血吸虫都同样引起Ｃｆｏｓ 基因高表达，而后者正是肝组织癌变中的早期行为。
Objective To investigate the mechanism of Cfos gene expression in normal liver, cirrhosis liver, liver cancer and liver cancer. Methods A total of 20 liver biopsy specimens were obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma resection specimens and liver cirrhosis portal hypertension, 10 normal controls, 16 hepatitis B positive cases in liver cancer, 15 cirrhosis after liver cirrhosis, and 5 schistosomiasis cirrhosis. SP immunohistochemical method was used to calculate the positive rate, positive cell index and strong positive expression rate. Results The positive rate and positive cell index of liver cancer and cirrhosis liver tissue were significantly higher than those of control liver, but there was no significant difference between liver cancer and liver cirrhosis group. In positive sections, strong positive expression was observed and liver cancer was significantly higher than in the cirrhosis group. There was no significant difference between the positive cell index and the negative of hepatitis B positive patients. Liver cirrhosis and schistosomiasis liver cirrhosis also showed no significant difference. Conclusion As an early response gene, C-fos has a gradual quantitative change in liver tissue from normal to sclerosis and carcinogenesis. Hepatitis virus and schistosomiasis also cause high expression of C-fos gene, which is the early behavior of liver tissue carcinogenesis.