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城市化快速发展时期,户籍制度引发的各种社会经济发展问题的讨论很多,以户籍制度为背景探讨农转非居民身份融合是法学、社会学和经济学研究的交叉点,构成社会经济学研究的重要内容。本文以2010年“中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)”家户微观数据为基础,研究农转非居民的户籍转变与身份融合问题。研究发现,农转非城镇居民和原住城镇居民相比较,其收入水平和受教育程度都相对较低、工作单位更不稳定、社会保障程度更低,存在显著的身份差异,而教育和家庭背景是影响身份差异的两个重要变量。进一步的研究发现,控制住教育、健康、社会背景、社会网络等因素的影响之后,随着年龄增长,身份差异逐渐缩小,这表明,城市化并不是简单的户籍转变,“农民”向“市民”的身份过渡是一个长期而渐近的社会融合过程,城市化过程绝对不能是配套措施缺失前提下的“土地换户籍”短期行为。本文的研究结论对于推动健康合理的城市化进程、实现包容发展和促进和谐社会建设,具有一定的理论研究价值和决策参考意义。
In the period of rapid urbanization, there are many discussions on the various social and economic development issues triggered by the household registration system. The study on the integration of the identity of non-agricultural residents with the household registration system is the intersection of jurisprudence, sociology and economics and constitutes the study of socio-economics The important content. Based on the 2010 China Household Dynamic Tracking Survey (CFPS) micro-household data, this paper studies the household registration change and identity fusion of non-residents who live in rural areas. The study found that non-urban residents of non-urban areas have relatively lower income level and education level, more unstable work units and lower social security level, with significant differences in status than those of urban residents. However, education and family The background is two important variables that affect identity differences. Further research found that, with the influence of factors such as education, health, social background and social network, the differences in identities gradually narrowed with age, suggesting that urbanization is not a simple change of household registration. “Citizen ” identity transition is a long-term and asymptotic process of social integration, the process of urbanization must not be short-term behavior of “land for household registration ” under the premise of lack of matching measures. The conclusions of this paper have certain theoretical and policy implications for promoting a healthy and rational urbanization process, achieving inclusive development and promoting the building of a harmonious society.