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目的 调查青海省虻科昆虫的种类、分布及活动规律,为青海地区防治虻害提供科学依据。方法 2014-2015年采用网捕法、诱虻器诱虻法、畜诱法和人帐诱法,在青海省各虻科地理分布区采集虻,并收集相关文献。结果共捕获双翅目虻科5属31种,其中瘤虻属种类最多,占捕获总数的54.84%(17/31),斑虻属和虻属次之,各占12.90%(4/31)。青南高原分布种类较多,有斑虻、麻虻、瘤虻和虻属;黄虻和瘤虻属主要分布于北部山地,骚扰黄虻是该地区的优势种;瘤虻和黄虻属主要分布于柴达木盆地,其中寨氏瘤虻为优势种。格尔木地区寨氏瘤虻在6-9月活动,7月为全年活动高峰期;每日09:00-20:00均见有虻活动,全天活动高峰期在15:00-18:00,最高峰出现在17:00左右。结论 虻科昆虫在青海省的分布广泛,种类较多,优势种寨氏瘤虻以夏季7月为活动高峰期。
Objective To investigate the species, distribution and activity patterns of Brachyura insects in Qinghai Province and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of trauma in Qinghai. Methods From 2014 to 2015, net catching method, trap catching method, animal husbandry method and human-induced catching method were used to collect 虻 in the geographical distribution areas of various families in Qinghai Province and to collect relevant literature. Results A total of 31 species belonging to 5 genera of Diptera were collected. Among them, the largest number of nodules was found, accounting for 54.84% (17/31) of the total number captured, followed by Cercopithecium and 虻, accounting for 12.90% (4/31) . There are many species in the South of Qinghai Plateau, including Scabia, Mochi, Neoplasm and Nepheline; Scleractinum and Nobilis are mainly distributed in the northern mountains, and Halibut yellow is the dominant species in this area; In the Qaidam Basin, Zhai tumor is the dominant species. Zhangeu tumor in the Golmud region activities in June-September, July is the peak of the year activities; daily 09: 00-20: 00 there are activities, all day activity peak at 15: 00-18: 00 , The peak appears at about 17:00. Conclusion The family of insects are widely distributed in Qinghai province, with more species. The dominant species, Zhai’s tumor, are peaked in summer in July.