195 6年秋后至 1 95 7年春夏 ,农村出现了一股闹社退社风 ,为此在全国农村展开了一场以富裕中农为主要批判对象的资本主义道路和社会主义道路大辩论。大辩论是在对农村的形势作了不切实际的估计的前提下开展的 ,并出现了一些偏差。大辩论虽然达到了预期的目的 ,但给我国农村社会经济发展带来了长期的负面影响。 From the fall of 1960 to the spring of 1957, a wave of social retreats emerged in rural areas. Therefore, a grand debate on the road to capitalism and socialism with the affluent middle peasants as the main target of criticism was carried out in the rural areas throughout the country. The debate took place on the premise that the situation in the countryside was unrealistically estimated and some deviations occurred. Although the major debates reached their intended purpose, they have had long-term negative effects on the social and economic development of rural China.