氯霉素是治疗伤寒的特效药物。但近来发现对氯霉素具有抗药性的伤寒菌株逐渐增多,而氯霉素本身也有很多缺点,如产生骨髓抑制、诱发药物性再生障碍性贫血等。目前替代氯霉素的药物有氨苄青霉素和复方磺胺增效剂,但前者效果稍差。氨羟苄青霉素是晚近才知能替代氯霉素的特效药物。氨羟苄青霉素(Amoxycillin,Amoxil; Chloramphenicol is the treatment of typhoid fever drugs. However, recently, chloramphenicol-resistant typhoid strains have been found to gradually increase, while chloramphenicol itself has many disadvantages such as bone marrow suppression and drug-induced aplastic anemia. The current alternative to chloramphenicol ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole synergist compound, but the former effect is somewhat less. Ampicillin is an especially potent alternative to chloramphenicol. Ampicillin (Amoxycillin, Amoxil;