The consumption tax reform is not only an important point of the construction of ecological civilization,but also a livelihood project related to the vital interests of consumers in China,which has aroused a heated discussion.Current popular ideas and plans of the consumption tax reform are directly moved by the developed countries.Therefore,it is bound to lack the support of the people.It is not adverse to the construction of ecological civilization and not conductive to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream.In the era of ecological civilization,the reform of the consumption tax needs to adopt the system thinking,taking into account multiple aspects of China’s tax system construction,tax fairness and environmental protection.Only by adjusting the taxation scope,refining the rate and perfecting tax link,etc.from overall thinking can the reform be successful. The consumption tax reform is not only an important point of the construction of ecological civilization, but also a livelihood project related to the vital interests of consumers in China, which has aroused a heated discussion. Current popular ideas and plans of the consumption tax reform are directly moved by the developing countries. Therefore, it is bound to lack the support of the people. It is not adverse to the construction of ecological civilization and not conductive to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream. in the era of ecological civilization, the reform of the consumption tax needs to adopt the system thinking, taking into account multiple aspects of China’s tax system construction, tax fairness and environmental protection.Only by adjusting the taxation scope, refining the rate and perfecting tax link, etc.from overall thinking can the reform be successful.