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森林是重要的陆地生态系统碳汇。1990–2007年间全球森林平均每年从大气中吸收固定2.4±0.4PgC,但对全球森林未来固碳量的评价多是基于气候因素的过程模型的模拟结果,很少有基于森林调查样地数据评价全球森林固碳潜力的研究。我们收集整理野外调查和已发表的成熟林生物量数据728条,建立全球成熟林生物量数据库。根据成熟林地上生物量碳储量空间插值,得到全球森林地上生物量碳容量,进而评估全球森林地上生物量的固碳潜力。结果显示:(1)全球成熟林地上生物量自赤道向两极整体呈递减趋势,但最大值出现在中纬度区;(2)气温和降水是影响成熟林地上生物量的重要因素;(3)全球森林地上生物量碳容量约为586.2±49.3PgC,其地上生物量固碳潜力为313.4PgC。因此,充分发挥现有森林的碳吸存能力,减少对现有森林碳库的干扰,是土地利用变化之外减缓温室气体排放的又一可选途径。
Forests are important terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks. During 1990-2007, global forests absorbed an average of 2.4 ± 0.4 PgC from the atmosphere each year, but the assessment of global future carbon sequestration in forests was mostly based on the simulation of climate-based process models. Few data were collected based on forest sampling data Study on the Global Forest Carbon Sequestration Potential. We collected 728 field surveys and published mature forest biomass data to establish a global database of mature forest biomass. Based on the spatial interpolation of above-ground biomass carbon stocks in mature forests, the global forest aboveground biomass carbon capacity is obtained to assess the global carbon sequestration potential of forest biomass. The results showed that: (1) The aboveground biomass of mature mature forests in the world decreased gradually from the equator to the poles, but the maximum appeared in the middle latitudes. (2) Temperature and precipitation were the important factors affecting the aboveground biomass of mature forests. (3) The global forest carbon biomass is about 586.2 ± 49.3PgC, and its aboveground biomass carbon sequestration potential is 313.4PgC. Therefore, giving full play to the carbon sequestration capacity of existing forests and reducing interference with existing forest carbon stocks is yet another alternative way to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions beyond land-use changes.