近三十年来,世界炼钢工艺上相继发生三个战略性变革:即氧气转炉取代平炉,连铸取代模铸和铁水钢水处理工艺的采用。如表1所示,氧气转炉已成为世界炼钢的主力,1981年转炉钢的比重已占55.9％,而平炉钢的比重却由1955年的81％降到1981年的21.8％。其中日本1977年平炉已全部关闭,英、意等国1981年平炉亦已寿终正寝。预计未来二十 Over the past three decades, three strategic changes have taken place in the world steelmaking process: the replacement of open hearth furnaces by oxygen furnaces, the replacement of mold castings by continuous casting and the adoption of hot metal steelmaking processes. As shown in Table 1, the oxygen converter has become the main force of world steelmaking. In 1981, the proportion of converter steel accounted for 55.9%, while the proportion of open hearth steel decreased from 81% in 1955 to 21.8% in 1981. One of Japan’s hearth furnace in 1977 has been fully closed, Britain, Italy and other countries in 1981 furnace has also come to an end. Estimated the next 20