琵琶两字最早见于史载的是东汉刘熙所著的《释名》:“枇杷,马上所鼓也。推手前曰枇,引手却曰杷”,这就是说右手向前弹叫枇,右手向后拨叫杷,这是描摹两种基本的弹奏方法,到魏晋时期才称为琵琶。《乐书》中记载:“秦汉琵琶,本出于胡人弦(?)之制(这个(?)字指的是拨浪鼓),圆体修颈。”也就是说秦琵琶当时在汉代经西域传入我国中原的长颈类弹奏乐器。古代的西域地区,大多为游牧民族．马上的弹拨乐器很多,琵琶就是通过居于天山之麓的龟兹国(今新疆库车地区)传入到我国中原。自古到今描写琵琶及其演秦的诗篇是不可胜数,最著名的是白居易的《琵琶行》,已成千古名篇。其中描绘琵琶演奏的各种形态表情和演秦技法的精彩诗句,如“千呼万唤始出来,犹抱琵琶半遮面”“轻拢(?)撚抹复挑,初为霓裳后六幺”“大弦嘈嘈如急雨,小弦切切如私语。嘈嘈切切错杂弹,大珠小珠落玉盘”“别有幽愁暗恨生,此时无声胜有声。银瓶乍破水浆迸,铁骑突出刀枪鸣”．从这些诗句可以看出在唐代前后琵琶演奏的手法已经相当丰富,而且琵琶名家、名曲也是灿若繁星,记载琵琶及其演秦的文字,比我国音乐史上任何一件乐器都多,更有不少有关琵琶的故事历来脍炙人口、流传不衰。——编者 The earliest Chinese characters were found in the history of the publication of the name “Release Name” written by Liu Xi of the Eastern Han Dynasty: “Hey, he is also a drummer right now. He pushes his hand and shoves his hand but he’s awkward,” which means that the right hand is yelling forward and right hand. Calling back chanting, this is a description of two basic methods of playing, and it was called 琵琶 during the period of the Wei and Jin Dynasties. “Music Book” records: “The Qin and Han Dynasties, this is the system of the Hu Ren (?) (this (?) character refers to a rattle), the round body repaired the neck.” In other words, Qin Shuo was in the Han Dynasty through the Western Regions. Introduced into the long-necked playing instruments of the Central Plains of our country. Most of the ancient western regions were nomads. There were many plucked instruments immediately, and it was introduced to China’s Central Plains through the Kucha country (now Kuche area) in the foothills of the Tianshan Mountains. From ancient times to the present, the descriptions of the poems and the poems they played in Qin were innumerable. The most famous one was Bai Juyi’s “Mute Lines”, which has become an age-old name. It depicts various forms of facial expressions and the wonderful verses of Qin techniques. For example, “A long-awaited moment, I still hold my face and cover my face.” “”Large strings are like rain, and small strings are whisper-like. The miscellaneous bombs are not correct and the big beads drop off the jade plate.“ ”Don’t have a dark and hateful life. At this time, there are no sounds and sounds. The silver bottle breaks the water slurry."迸 铁 铁 铁 铁 铁 铁 铁 铁From these verses, it can be seen that the techniques used to perform before and after the Tang dynasty were quite rich, and that famous masters and famous songs are also brilliances. The records of 琵琶 and the words of Qin Qin were more than any musical instruments in the history of music in our country. A lot of stories about crickets have always been popular and popular. --editor