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,徐蔚亚 ,王建民 ,马在田 .VSP数据波动方程叠前深度偏移成像及立体地震成像 .石油地球物理勘探 ,2 0 0 1,36 (5 ) :5 17～ 5 2 5 本文从三维声波方程出发 ,通过引入参考速度 ,推导出折射项和绕射项方程 ,并对绕射项进行优化展开 ,得到适应任意变速情况下的 VSP数据波动方程叠前深度偏移方程及其差分格式 ;讨论了有限差分法的误差补偿、波场成像条件 ;基于波场传播的线性叠加原理 ,在一定成像条件下 ,提出了把地面地震记录、VSP记录及井间地震记录偏移到同一成像空间的完整的地震成像方法——立体地震成像。立体地震成像的实质是 :地面地震数据、VSP数据及井中反射地震数据的成像过程可以统一成一个波动方程叠前深度偏移过程 ,同时 ,每种数据的成像结果也可以单独输出。模型试算结果表明 ,在立体地震成像过程中 ,每一种观测方式对目标地质体的照明范围不同 ,它们对目标地质体的成像互为补充与加强 ,使得目标地质体的成像更加精细
, Xu Weiya, Wang Jianmin, Ma Zatian. Prestack Depth-Migration Imaging and Stereo-Seismic Imaging of VSP Data Wave Equation. Petroleum Geophysical Prospecting, 2 0 0 1,36 (5): 5 17 ~ 5 2 5 Based on the three-dimensional acoustic wave equation, By introducing the reference velocity, the equations of refraction and diffraction are deduced, and the diffraction items are optimized and expanded to obtain the prestack depth migration equation and the difference format of the wave equation of VSP data under arbitrary speed variation. The finite difference Method of error compensation and wavefield imaging conditions. Based on the principle of linear superposition of wavefield propagation, under certain imaging conditions, a complete seismic imaging is proposed to offset the surface seismic record, VSP record and crosswell seismic record to the same imaging space Method - 3D seismic imaging. The essence of stereo seismic imaging is that the imaging process of ground seismic data, VSP data and well reflection seismic data can be unified into a wave equation prestack depth migration process. Meanwhile, the imaging results of each type of data can also be output separately. The model test results show that in the process of three-dimensional seismic imaging, each observation mode has different illumination range on the target geological body, which complements and strengthens the imaging of the target geological body and makes the imaging of the target geological body more refined