In this paper, we study Boolean functions of an odd number of variables with maximum algebraic immunity. We identify three classes of such functions, and give some necessary conditions of such functions, which help to examine whether a Boolean function of an odd number of variables has the maximum algebraic immunity. Further, some necessary conditions for such functions to have also higher nonlinearity are proposed, and a class of these functions are also obtained. Finally, we present a sufficient and necessary condition for Boolean functions of an odd number of variables to achieve maximum algebraic immunity and to be also 1-resilient. In this paper, we study three classes of such functions, and give some necessary conditions of such functions, which help to examine whether a Boolean function of an odd number of variables has the maximum algebraic immunity. Further, some necessary conditions for such functions to have also greater nonlinearity are proposed, and a class of these functions are also obtained. Finally, we present a sufficient and necessary condition for Boolean functions of an odd number of variables to achieve maximum algebraic immunity and to be also 1-resilient.