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用笔墨是中国画最基本的构成因素,是最本质的东西,古人有“神采生于用笔”之说。明人方士庶讲:“山川草木、造化自然、此实境也以心造境、以手运心、此虚境也,虚而为实,是在笔墨中。”他的这几句话概括了整个的中国绘画精神,中国画是将自然造化和人的心境,情感用笔墨体现出来,完成一种艺术的转换,变成一种艺术形式,有了用笔,中国画才能如石涛所说的“画于山则灵之,画于水则动之,画于林则生之,画于人则逸之。”是用笔赋予自然以生命。因此古人总结说“丘壑之妙,勾勒之妙也。”也就是用笔之妙。 荆浩在讲吴道子的画时曾说:“吴道子笔胜于象,骨气自高。”这里所讲的是内容与形式的关系。在艺术上,形式要高于内容,艺术才能久远,比如一幅山水画,仅仅表现了山川,而笔墨上没有什么价值,一定不是一件好作品,仅有内容,而形式上无力量,艺术将无生命力。画山水,山川要为笔墨服务,而不是笔墨为山川服务。同时中国画是起于用笔,最终将归于用笔。
The use of ink and brush is the most basic component of Chinese painting, which is the most essential thing. Ming people Shu Shi Shu said: “mountains and plants, nature, the real situation is also to create a state of mind, the heart of the hand, this virtual environment, virtual reality, in the ink.” His summary of these few words The entire Chinese painting spirit, Chinese painting is the nature and human mood, emotions with the brush and ink reflected to complete an art conversion, into an art form, with pen, Chinese painting can be as Shitao said “ Painted in the spirit of the mountains, painted on the water is moving, painted in the forest is born, painted on the people of the Yi. ”Pen is given to the natural life. Therefore, the ancients concluded that “Qiu He wonderful, outline of the wonderful also.” That is the wonderful use of the pen. When Jing Hao talked about Wu Daochen’s painting, he said: “Wu Daozi’s pen is better than the elephant, with high self-esteem.” What we are talking about here is the relationship between content and form. In art, the form is higher than the content, the arts can be a long time ago. For example, a landscape painting shows only the mountains and rivers, and the ink has little value. It must not be a good work, a mere content, No vitality. Painting landscapes, mountains and rivers to serve the pen and ink, rather than writing for the mountains and rivers service. At the same time, Chinese painting starts with a pen and ends up with a pen.