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目的研究肿瘤学、心理学和社会医学相结合的多学科综合康复干预措施对恶性肿瘤患者生存质量(QOL)的影响。方法639例恶性肿瘤患者分为干预组和对照组,干预组在专家指导下进行综合健康干预,干预期为2年,对照组则不参加综合康复干预。干预组随访254例,对照组随访330例。干预前、后用根据欧洲癌症研究和治疗协会所拟的生存质量核心问卷改进的QOL评定量表对患者的QOL进行评定。结果干预组经综合康复干预后,各维度评分和总分均明显高于对照组(P＜0．05)。干预前、后2组差值比较,干预组的心理状态、家庭社会功能及自我评价3个维度评分差值分别为(5．91±5．46)分、(1．97±3．79)分和(1．95±1．69)分,总分差值为(15．25±10.97)分,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0．05)；在控制了年龄、收入、职业和治疗方法等不均衡因素后,干预组上述3个维度差值的预测值分别为(6．90±0．84)分、(2．00±0．56)分和(1．87±0．31)分,总分差值的预测值为(17．01±2．02)分,与对照组比较,差异仍有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。结论肿瘤学、心理学和社会医学多学科联合的综合康复干预有助于恶性肿瘤患者QOL的提高。
Objective To study the effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitation interventions combining oncology, psychology and social medicine on quality of life (QOL) in patients with malignant tumors. Methods A total of 639 patients with malignant tumor were divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group under the guidance of experts was 2 years intervention and the control group did not participate in comprehensive rehabilitation intervention. The intervention group was followed up 254 cases, the control group were followed up 330 cases. Patients’ QOLs were assessed before and after interventions using a QOL rating scale based on the QOL core questionnaire proposed by the European Association for Cancer Research and Treatment. Results After the comprehensive rehabilitation intervention, the scores of each dimension and the total score in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After intervention, the difference between the two groups was (5.91 ± 5.46) points and (1.97 ± 3.79) respectively in the intervention group’s mental state, family social function and self-evaluation. (1.95 ± 1.69) points, the total score difference was (15.25 ± 10.97) points, compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); in controlling the age, (6.90 ± 0.84) points and (2.00 ± 0.56) points and (1) respectively, after the unbalanced factors such as income, occupation and treatment were found in the intervention group. 87 ± 0.31). The predicted total difference was (17.01 ± 2.02) points, which was still significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive rehabilitation intervention combined with multidisciplinary oncology, psychology and social medicine is helpful for the improvement of QOL in patients with malignant tumors.