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以辽宁稻区3种穗型粳稻及杂交稻为试材,研究了不同株行距配置对齐穗期粳稻光截获能力、群体内部光分布特征和光转化效率以及产量构成的调控作用.结果表明:与光能截获密切相关的叶面积指数随着密度减小而先降低后升高.一天之内消光系数(K)的变化同样表现为先降低后升高,而不同株行距配置间K值随着种植密度的增加而增大.产量与各冠层消光系数、上部3叶叶倾角呈正相关.在光能利用率方面,产量与剑叶气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率均呈正相关.在高密度(15 cm×25 cm)和低密度(20 cm×30 cm和20 cm×35 cm)株行距配置下,水稻分别可以提高光截获能力和光转化效率,却分别受到倒伏和单位面积穗数的限制而无法获得高产稳产.株行距为15 cm×30 cm和20 cm×25 cm配置下,可以确保足够穗数,优化冠层结构并降低倒伏风险,为高产优质提供保障.
The rice japonica and hybrid rice with three panicle types in Liaoning Province were used as materials to study the regulation of light interception ability, light distribution and light conversion efficiency and yield components of japonica rice at different heading intervals. The results showed that: The intercepted leaf area index decreased first and then increased with the decrease of density.The change of extinction coefficient (K) in the same day also decreased first and then increased, The yield increased with the canopy extinction coefficient and the leaf inclination angle of the upper 3. There was a positive correlation between the yield and the stomatal conductance, the intercellular CO2 concentration and the transpiration rate in the light utilization rate Under high-density (15 cm × 25 cm) and low-density (20 cm × 30 cm and 20 cm × 35 cm) row spacing arrangements, rice could improve light interception ability and light conversion efficiency respectively, Of the total length of 15 cm × 30 cm and 20 cm × 25 cm can ensure enough spikes, optimize the canopy structure and reduce the risk of lodging, thus ensuring the high yield and quality.