论文部分内容阅读
为了探讨人为采摘松果对小兴安岭主要林型红松(Pinus koraiensis)土壤种子库和幼苗库的影响,选择阔叶红松林以及与阔叶红松林相邻的红松人工林、落叶松(Larix gmelini)人工林、白桦(Betula platyphylla)林和云冷杉林,各设置10 m×240 m的样带,调查了红松土壤种子库和幼苗库。主要结果如下:①主要林型间红松土壤种子库数量具有明显的差异,阔叶红松林最多,落叶松人工林次之,白桦林最少;②鼠类取食过或被破坏等动物侵害的种子占81.9%～90.4%,完好种子只有在阔叶红松林和落叶松人工林中发现,分别为4.3%和4.9%;③红松种子主要分布在0～10 cm层中(71.4%～91.3%);④红松幼苗库的密度云冷杉林最高(1 613株.hm-2),红松人工林最低(167株.hm-2),其中阔叶红松林(296株.hm-2)和白桦林(854株.hm-2)的幼苗密度分别为采摘前的1/68～1/9和1/9～1/4.5;⑤从龄级分布上看,松果采摘前阔叶红松林低龄级幼苗的数量较多,随着龄级的增大明显减少,呈倒J型分布;白桦林各龄级幼苗密度相差不大。人为采摘松果后,阔叶红松林各龄级间密度相差不大;白桦林呈倒J型分布。
In order to investigate the effect of man-made picking of Pinus koraiensis on Pinus koraiensis soil seed bank and seedling bank in Xiao Hinggan Mountains, the Pinus koraiensis forest and Korean pine plantation adjacent to broad-leaved Korean pine forest were selected to study the effects of Larix gmelini ) Plantation, Betula platyphylla forest and spruce-fir forest, each with a size of 10 m × 240 m. The soil seed bank and seedling bank of Korean pine were investigated. The main results are as follows: ① There were significant differences in the seed bank of Korean pine among the main forest types, with the largest number of broad-leaved Korean pine forest, followed by larch plantation and the lowest of birch forest; ② The animals infested or destroyed Seeds accounted for 81.9% ~ 90.4%. The intact seeds were only found in broad-leaved Korean pine and larch plantations, 4.3% and 4.9% respectively. ③ The seeds of Korean pine were mainly distributed in 0 ~ 10 cm layer (71.4% ~ 91.3% %); ④ The density of Pinus koraiensis seedlings was highest (1 613 plants · hm-2) and the lowest was Korean pine plantation (167 plants.hm-2) ) And birch (854 plants.hm-2) were 1/68 ~ 1/9 and 1/9 ~ 1 / 4.5 respectively before harvesting; The number of young seedlings in Korean pine forest was more, with the increase of age, the number of young seedlings decreased obviously, showing an inverted J type distribution; the density of seedlings of birch forest was no significant difference. Artificial picking pine needles, broad-leaved Korean pine forest density between the age classes are not significant; Betula platyphylla inverted J-shaped distribution.