如今,对于任何一家公司来说,通过全球市场和因特网,可以从遥远的地方有效地获得任何所需要的投入,天然港或廉价劳动力供给等地理位置的资源禀赋已经不再是竞争优势的来源,或者说其竞争忧势已经弱化。既然地理位置对经济竞争不再是那样重要,但为什么在华尔街找到一家世界级的基金公司的可能性要比其它任何地方都要高?为什么在美国的硅谷和台湾的新竹找到生产IT产品的公司,在意大利北部找到生产时尚鞋的公司,或在中国东莞找到生产运动鞋的公司的可能性远远地要高于其它地方?这也许解开目前中国不少企业投向上海之谜的关键。 所谓“扎堆”(clusters),就是做同类生意的人喜欢聚集 Today, for any company, the resource endowment of any location, natural port or geographically cheap labor supply that can be efficiently and efficiently accessed from the global markets and the Internet from a remote location is no longer a source of competitive advantage, Or that their competitive woes have weakened. Since geographic location is no longer as important to economic competition as it is, why is it more likely than any other place to find a world-class fund company on Wall Street? Why companies in the Silicon Valley in the United States and Hsinchu, Taiwan, where IT products are found , The possibility of finding a company that produces fashion shoes in northern Italy or finding a company that produces sports shoes in Dongguan, China is far more likely than any other part of the world, which may unlock the key to the mystery that many Chinese companies are now heading to Shanghai. The so-called “bunch” (clusters), is to do like business people like to gather