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目的了解新入学大学生身体健康状况及疾病谱分布规律,为高校制定卫生保健措施提供依据。方法按照卫生部统一制定的《学生健康体检表》要求,对2007—2009年共20586名新生进行了健康检查,统计分析疾病谱。结果各种疾病检出率总体呈逐年下降趋势,疾病谱集中在消化系疾病,排在总患病人数的首位;其次是眼科疾病,呼吸疾病,心血管疾病,泌尿系疾病,运动系疾病。3年肺结核总发病人数呈逐年上升趋势。结论学校应加强传染病防治工作,对大学生进行系统的心理生理教育和膳食指导,强化体格锻炼,降低各种疾病的发病率。
Objective To understand the health status of the newly admitted college students and the distribution of the disease spectrum, and to provide basis for the development of health care measures in colleges and universities. Methods According to the “Student Health Checklist” that was formulated by the Ministry of Health, a total of 20,586 new students from 2007 to 2009 were examined for health and statistical analysis of the disease spectrum. Results The overall detection rate of various diseases showed a decreasing trend year by year. The disease spectrum was concentrated in the diseases of the digestive system and ranked first in the total number of patients; followed by eye diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, urinary diseases, and sports diseases. The total incidence of tuberculosis in three years has been increasing year by year. [Conclusion] Schools should strengthen the prevention and control of infectious diseases and provide systematic psychological and physio-physical education and dietary guidance to college students, strengthen physical training, and reduce the incidence of various diseases.