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以SnCl4.5H2O为主要原料,盐酸为抑制剂,采用压力-热晶法,在300~330℃成功地制备出单分散、高结晶度、结构稳定的氧化锡纳米棒,并用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射等技术手段对氧化锡纳米单晶的结构和形貌进行表征。表征结果显示,制得的SnO2单晶具有棒状外观结构,其直径和长度分别为20~100nm、50~400nm。实验还考察了反应预压和盐酸浓度对产物结构和形貌的影响,实验结果表明,增加预压和适当的酸度都有利于四方晶型氧化锡单晶的形成。而且样品经900℃高温烧结,其形貌和尺寸基本不变。
Using SnCl4.5H2O as the main raw material and hydrochloric acid as the inhibitor, the monodisperse, highly crystallized and stable tin oxide nanorods were successfully prepared by pressure-thermal crystallization at 300-330 ℃. Transmission electron microscopy, X Ray diffraction and other technical means to characterize the structure and morphology of tin oxide single crystal. Characterization results show that the prepared SnO2 single crystal has a rod-like appearance of the structure, the diameter and length of 20 ~ 100nm, 50 ~ 400nm. The effects of reaction pre-pressure and concentration of hydrochloric acid on the structure and morphology of the product were also investigated. The experimental results show that the addition of pre-pressure and proper acidity are both beneficial to the formation of tetragonal tin oxide single crystals. And the sample sintered at high temperature 900 ℃, the shape and size of the same.