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目的了解育龄期妇女乙肝病毒(HBV)感染状况及基因分布特点。方法按分层整群随机抽样原则,抽取泉州乙肝高流行区15~59岁育龄期妇女1 859人,对调查对象进行问卷调查及血标本采集检测。结果检测1 859份血清标本,其中HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBe Ag、抗-HBe、抗-HBc阳性率分别为9.6%、65.8%、17.3%、63.7%、7.2%。HBsAg单阳性占8.0%,HBsAg、HBe Ag双阳性占7.4%;HBsAg阳性率沿海高于内地(P<0.05);15岁~组明显低于30岁~、40岁~组;医务人员及公共服务人员较低,干部较高。自诉接种过Hep B疫苗的占28.2%,免疫失败率为7.1%。接种Hep B疫苗的育龄期妇女HBsAb阳性率(73.1%)明显高于无免疫接种(60.3%)。179例HBsAg阳性血标本HBV-DNA载量阳性72例,其中载量>106拷贝/m L占16.8%。对HBV-DNA载量阳性进行基因分型,其中B型占66.7%,C型25.0%,D型1.4%,B/C混合型1.4%,基因未定型5.6%,未见A、E、F型。南安与晋江相比,B型占多数,C型较少。结论福建省乙肝高流行区育龄期妇女HBsAg携带率处于较高水平,小年龄组HBsAg携带较低,基因型以B型为主,Hep B疫苗接种预防效果显著,仍需继续落实HBV母婴阻断干预措施。
Objective To understand the status and gene distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in women of childbearing age. Methods According to the stratified cluster random sampling principle, 1 859 women of childbearing age from 15 to 59 years of age in Hepatitis B high endemic area of Quanzhou were collected. Questionnaires and blood samples were collected from the surveyed subjects. Results A total of 1 859 serum samples were tested. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were 9.6%, 65.8%, 17.3%, 63.7% and 7.2%, respectively. HBsAg positive rate was 8.0%, HBsAg and HBeAg double positive rate was 7.4%; HBsAg positive rate was higher in the coastal area than in the mainland (P <0.05); 15-year-old group was significantly lower than 30 years old to 40 years old group; Lower service personnel, cadres higher. Self-prosecution vaccinated Hep B vaccine accounted for 28.2%, the immune failure rate was 7.1%. The positive rate of HBsAb in pregnant women vaccinated with Hep B vaccine (73.1%) was significantly higher than that in non-vaccinated children (60.3%). Seventy-seven HBsAg-positive blood samples were positive for HBV-DNA in 72 cases, with a load of 106 copies / ml accounting for 16.8%. Genotypes were positive for HBV-DNA load, with type B accounting for 66.7%, type C 25.0%, type D 1.4%, type B / C mixed 1.4% and gene undecided 5.6%, and no A, E, F type. Nanan compared with Jinjiang, B-type majority, C-type less. Conclusion The incidence of HBsAg in women of childbearing age in high HBV prevalence area in Fujian Province is relatively high. The incidence of HBsAg is low in the younger age group. The genotype is mainly type B, and the Hep B vaccination is effective in preventing HBV infection. Discontinue interventions.