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通过金相、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析等手段对数控机床主轴用钢渗氮层进行了显微组织、物相组成和耐磨性能测试,并分析了渗氮层摩擦磨损机理。结果表明,渗氮主轴用钢的氮化层深度约为350μm,氮化层最大硬度为900 HV,基体硬度约为326 HV;氮化层表面化合物层的厚度约为6.4μm,与基体之间的界面连接良好,主要由大量的Fe_3N和少量的Fe_4N构成的复相组织;渗氮钢在相同条件下的摩擦系数都要比未渗氮钢更低且更为稳定,表明渗氮层在滑动摩擦磨损过程中可以起到较好的减磨效果;在相同磨损条件下,渗氮主轴用钢的磨损量和失重率较未渗氮主轴用钢小得多,即前者具有更好的抗磨损性能;未渗氮钢的磨损机制主要为氧化磨损、磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和疲劳磨损,而渗氮钢的磨损机制主要为氧化磨损、轻微磨粒磨损和轻微粘着磨损。
The microstructure, phase composition and wear resistance of nitrocarburized steel for CNC machine tool spindle were investigated by metallography, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The tribological properties of nitrided layer mechanism. The results show that the depth of nitrided layer of steel for nitrided spindle is about 350μm, the maximum hardness of nitrided layer is 900 HV and the hardness of substrate is about 326 HV. The thickness of nitrided layer surface compound layer is about 6.4μm, Of the interface is good, mainly composed of a large number of Fe_3N and a small amount of Fe_4N composite phase; nitrided steel under the same conditions, the friction coefficient is lower than the non-nitrided steel and more stable, indicating that the nitriding layer sliding Under the same wear condition, the wear amount and weight loss rate of steel for nitrided spindle are much smaller than that of steel for non-nitrided spindle, that is, the former has better wear resistance The wear mechanism of the non-nitrided steel is mainly oxidative wear, abrasive wear, adhesive wear and fatigue wear. However, the wear mechanism of nitrided steel is mainly oxidative wear, slight abrasive wear and slight adhesive wear.