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目的探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)的发病时间规律及其机制,为STEMI防治提供依据。方法回顾性分析491例就诊于急诊科的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,以胸痛出现的时间为发病时间,统计患者发病的日、周和季时间分布。结果 STEMI患者一日内发病有两个高峰时段,依次为06:01~12:00和18:01~24:00,分别为137例占28%和130例占26.5%。STEMA患者一周内发病有两个高峰,周一80例占16.3%,周五82例占16.7%。STEMI患者一年内发病按季节分布以冬季最高,为140例占28.5%,发病数最低为夏季,为98例占20.0%。结论 STEMI发病具有时间节律特征,应依据其时间节律特征进行预防。
Objective To investigate the onset time and mechanism of STEMI in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and provide evidence for its prevention and treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of 491 cases of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with emergency department was made. Time of onset of chest pain was defined as onset time, and the distribution of daily, weekly and seasonal incidence of patients was analyzed. Results The incidence of STEMI patients in one day had two peak periods, ranging from 06:01 to 12:00 and 18:01 to 24:00, accounting for 28% for 137 cases and 26.5% for 130 cases. STEMA patients have two peak incidences in a week, 80 cases accounted for 16.3% on Monday, 82 cases accounted for 16.7% on Friday. The incidence of STEMI patients in one season was the highest in winter, accounting for 28.5% in 140 cases, the lowest in summer and 98.0% in 20.0%. Conclusion The onset of STEMI has the characteristics of time rhythm and should be prevented according to the characteristics of its time rhythm.