“平民慈善”的涵义需要从捐赠主体、捐赠客体、慈善运作、特征四个层面进行理论界定;从社会学角度解析平民慈善发展困境的原因表现为:传统与现代慈善观念的偏差、社会阶层结构的分化、制度上的制约、组织动员的不效率。破解困境的基本思路:改变社会认知,加强社会认同;引入监督机制,规范社会约束;创新慈善方式,畅通慈善渠道。 The meaning of “civilian philanthropy” needs to be defined theoretically from the following four aspects: donation subject, donation object, charity operation and characteristic. The reasons of analyzing the plight of civilian philanthropy from the angle of sociology are the deviation of traditional and modern philanthropy concept, Differentiation of social strata structure, institutional constraints, organizational mobilization of inefficiency. Break the dilemma of the basic idea: to change social cognition and strengthen social identity; the introduction of monitoring mechanisms to regulate social constraints; innovation charity, smooth channels of charity.