论文部分内容阅读
在我国,对消费者利益的保护,长期以来一直是依靠《消费者权益保护法》和《产品质量法》,但这两部法规仅限于原则性的规定,在解决日益增多的产品质量投诉时,其框架大、线条粗、可操作性差的弱点就暴露出来了。尤其是当产品有足以造成对消费者安全与健康的危险,这两部法规均未做出相应规定。如近期在国内外造成了极其恶劣影响的“婴幼儿奶粉事件”、“有毒饮水机事件”等,都从某个侧面暴露出我国产品质量安全监管体系存在着严重的漏洞,使消费者因缺陷产品所受的损害无法得到保护。与此同时,“中国制造”在国外频频遭遇召回,产品安全问题已越来越成为我国构建和谐社会和可持续发展的软肋。缺陷产品召回制度就是针对这个问题而设置的,缺陷产品召回制度是产品质量与安全的保障,是完善我国产品安全管理法律体系的重要环节。2004年,国家质量监督检验检疫总局、国家发展和改革委员会、商务部和海关总署等四部委联合签署了《缺陷汽车产品召回管理规定》,标志着我国开始了以缺陷汽车产品为试点的产品召回制度的探索和实践。2007年,国务院颁布施行的《国务院关于加强食品等产品安全监督管理的特别规定》明确了企业召回义务;同年,质检总局又颁布实施了《儿童玩具召回管理规定》、《食品召回管理规定》,这些法规的制定与实施是对缺陷产品召回制度的进一步深化与推进。2008年12月“全国产品缺陷与安全管理标准化技术委员会”的成立,使汽车风险评估、产品召回有效性、产品召回追溯等方面的标准制定工作已进入快车道。现在,《缺陷产品召回管理条例》已经对社会公开征求意见,目前,该条例已报送国务院法制办,并列入2009年国务院立法程序。至此,我国的缺陷产品召回法规呼之欲出。
In our country, the protection of consumers’ interests has long been relied on the Consumer Protection Law and the Product Quality Law. However, these two laws and regulations are limited to principle provisions. In resolving the ever-increasing complaints about product quality , Its framework is large, thick lines, poor operability weakness exposed. Neither of these two regulations make any provision, especially when the product is sufficiently dangerous to pose a safety and health hazard to consumers. For example, the “infant milk powder incident” and the “poisonous water dispenser incident” that have caused extremely bad effects both at home and abroad recently exposed some serious loopholes in China’s product quality and safety regulatory system Consumer damage due to defective products can not be protected. At the same time, “Made in China ” frequently encountered recalls in foreign countries, and product safety issues have increasingly become the weak point in building a harmonious society and sustainable development in China. Defective product recall system is designed to address this issue. Defective product recall system is the guarantee of product quality and safety. It is an important part of perfecting China’s product safety management legal system. In 2004, the four ministries and commissions including the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly signed the “Regulations on the Recall of Defective Automobile Products”, marking the beginning of China’s pilot project of defective automobile products Recalling the system of exploration and practice. In 2007, the State Council promulgated the “Special Regulations of the State Council on Strengthening the Safety Supervision and Management of Food and Other Products” that set forth the obligation of recall. In the same year, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine promulgated and implemented the “Regulations on the Recall of Children’s Toys” and the “Regulations on the Administration of Food Recalls” The formulation and implementation of these laws and regulations are the further deepening and promotion of the defective product recall system. December 2008 The establishment of “National Technical Committee on Product Defects and Safety Management Standardization” has led to the standardization of auto risk assessment, product recall validity and product recall traceability. Now, “Regulations on Recall of Defective Products” has solicited opinions from the public. At present, the Regulations have been submitted to the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council and included in the legislative procedures of the State Council in 2009. At this point, China’s defective product recall laws in full swing.