瓦洛申洛夫格拉特建井公司所建的矿井中,岩石巷道状况不好,其中一个原因就是有底鼓现象。解决岩巷底鼓问题所采用的主要方法是定期挖底。这种方法效率低,费用高。 为了和底鼓作斗争,顿(氵臼工)茨工学院提出了一种岩体松动爆破卸压法。该法的实质是在巷道底板两侧人工形成局部的应力降低区。这种松动岩石带是用炮眼药壶装药爆破形成的,炮眼布置在底板上,与水平成某一夹角。因而,在成巷初期,最大应力,就从巷道两邦向岩体的深部移动,这样就使得巷道底板中形成薄层岩石应力卸压带。局部区域的松散岩石能缓冲岩体向巷道两侧移动。因而卸压带岩层不承受纵向压力,也不往巷道里移动。 One of the reasons why the rock tunnel was built in the mine built by Wałowashov Gerate well is that there is a bottom drum phenomenon. The main method used to solve the rock bottom lane drum problem is to dig the bottom regularly. This method is inefficient and expensive. In order to combat the bottom drum, Dayton Institute of Technology proposed a loose rock blasting pressure relief method. The essence of this law is to form a local stress reduction zone on both sides of the roadway floor. This loosening of the rock band was shot blasting with a blasting pot, which was placed on the floor at an angle to the horizontal. Therefore, at the beginning of alley-forming, the maximum stress is moved from the two sides of the roadway to the deep part of the rock mass, thus forming a thin-layer rock stress relief band in the tunnel floor. Loose rocks in some areas can buffer rock mass to move to both sides of the roadway. Therefore, pressure relief belt does not withstand the vertical pressure, nor moving to the lane.