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目的探讨p53，p185基因在大肠绒毛状腺瘤及癌变组织中的表达及其诊断价值．方法采用微波炉、免疫组化SP方法，检测55例大肠腺癌标本，其中大肠绒毛状腺瘤癌变20例，大肠浸润性腺癌35例，12例大肠绒毛状腺瘤标本，10例大肠增生性息肉标本中P53，P185蛋白的表达情况．结果10例大肠增生性息肉，p53，p185染色均阴性．55例大肠腺癌和12例大肠绒毛状腺瘤标本中，p53染色阳性率分别为44％（23／55），8．3％（1／12）．p185染色阳性率分别为49％（26／55），17％（2／11）．比较大肠腺癌与绒毛状腺瘤p53和p185的关系，差异均有显著性（P＜0．05）．20例大肠绒毛状腺瘤癌变及35例大肠浸润性腺癌标本中，p53染色阳性率分别为60％（12／20），13％（11／35）．p185染色阳性率分别为35％（11／20），54％（19／35）．比较两者p53的关系，差异具有显著性（P＜0．05），p185的关系，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）．结论p53可作为大肠绒毛状腺瘤癌变诊断的有用指标，p185对大肠绒毛状腺瘤癌变的诊断无意义．
Objective To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of p53 and p185 genes in villous adenoma and carcinogenesis of large intestine. Methods A total of 55 specimens of colorectal adenocarcinoma were detected by microwave oven and immunohistochemical SP method. There were 20 cases of colorectal villous adenoma, 35 cases of large intestine invasive adenocarcinoma, 12 cases of large intestine villous adenoma, and 10 cases of large intestine hyperplastic polyp. The expression of P53 and P185 proteins in the specimens. Results 10 cases of colorectal hyperplastic polyp, p53, p185 staining were negative. The positive rates of p53 staining in 55 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma and 12 cases of colorectal villous adenoma were 44% (23/55) and 8.3% (1/12), respectively. The positive rate of p185 staining was 49% (26/55) and 17% (2/11), respectively. The relationship between p53 and p185 in colorectal adenocarcinoma and villous adenoma was significantly different (P<0.05). In 20 cases of colorectal villous adenoma and 20 cases of colorectal infiltrating adenocarcinoma, the positive rates of p53 staining were 60% (12/20) and 13% (11/35), respectively. The positive rate of p185 staining was 35% (11/20) and 54% (19/35), respectively. Comparing the relationship between the two p53, the difference was significant (P <0.05), p185 relationship, the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion p53 can be used as a useful marker for the diagnosis of colorectal villous adenoma. p185 is not meaningful for the diagnosis of colorectal villous adenoma.