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目的了解碘盐新标准实施后农村和城市人群的碘营养现况,为有效落实科学补碘防控策略提供依据。方法在农村和城市调查点各抽取1个镇的1个村,在每个村采集自来水厂出厂水和末梢水各2份;抽取30户以上居民,采集各户家庭食用盐,用3日称量法测算各户居民人均食盐摄入量;抽取18-45岁成人50名以上,采集尿样。在抽中的镇随机选择8-10岁儿童(男女各半)、孕妇和哺乳期妇女各50名以上,采集尿样。测定盐碘、尿碘和水碘含量。结果农村和城市自来水末梢水水碘含量均值分别为4.5μg/L和6.0μg/L;居民人均每日食用盐摄入量中位数分别为7.0和5.6g;8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为152.0和181.2μg/L;哺乳妇尿碘中位数分别为108.3和107.7μg/L;18-45岁成人尿碘中位数分别为121.1和147.4μg/L;孕妇尿碘中位数分别为116.0和112.2μg/L,尿碘含量低于150μg/L的比例分别达67.9%和64%;除农村人均每日食用盐摄入量高于城市,农村18-45岁成人尿碘水平低于城市外,其他指标农村和城市间差异无显著性。结论厦门市仍是缺碘地区,在现有碘盐标准下,8-10岁儿童、18-45岁成人、哺乳期妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平,但孕妇的碘营养不足,要开展针对孕期人群的碘营养监测和指导,杜绝碘缺乏所造成的危害。
Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition in rural and urban areas after the implementation of the new iodized salt standard in order to provide a basis for effective implementation of the scientific prevention and control strategy for iodine supplementation. Methods One village of each town was sampled from rural and urban survey sites and two samples were collected from the factory water and the peripheral water of each water plant in each village. More than 30 households were sampled to collect household salt, Quantitative method to estimate per capita household salt intake; 18 -45-year-old adults drawn more than 50, collecting urine samples. In the pumping town randomly selected children aged 8-10 (half male and female), pregnant women and lactating women more than 50 each, urine samples were collected. Determination of salt iodine, urinary iodine and water iodine content. Results The average water iodine content in urban and rural tap water was 4.5 μg / L and 6.0 μg / L, respectively. The median daily intake of dietary salt was 7.0 and 5.6 g, respectively. The urinary iodine in children aged 8 to 10 The median urinary iodine of lactating women were 108.3 and 107.7 μg / L, respectively. The median urinary iodine of adults aged 18-45 was 121.1 and 147.4 μg / L, respectively. The median of urinary iodine intake was 116.0 and 112.2μg / L respectively, and the urinary iodine content was less than 150μg / L, respectively, reaching 67.9% and 64% respectively. Except for rural residents, the per capita daily intake of salt was higher than that of urban areas and the rural urine of adults aged 18-45 The level of iodine is lower than that of the city. There is no significant difference between other indicators in rural and urban areas. Conclusion Xiamen City is still iodine-deficient. Under the existing standard of iodized salt, the iodine nutrition of 8-10 year-olds, 18-45-year-old adults and lactating women is at an appropriate level. However, iodine deficiency is not enough in pregnant women, Iodine nutrition monitoring and guidance of the population, to eliminate the harm caused by iodine deficiency.