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针对压力容器(如在轨航天器)发生泄漏时的漏孔定位问题进行研究,提出了一种基于声传感器阵列的定位方法。当已发生泄漏时,该方法通过声传感器阵列获取器壁中传播的超声波信号,并分析阵列中各个传感器采集数据间的时空相关性,实现了对泄漏源的快速准确定位。分析了泄漏所激发的超声波信号在薄板中的传播特性,证明了采集信号相关性随采集点间距离的增大而减小,从而指导传感器阵列的设计与制作,同时通过设计相应的实验讨论了不同阵元间距条件下的定位精度。实验结果表明定位误差受阵列中阵元数目及阵元间间距影响,当阵元数目为8,阵元间距为8 mm情况下,本算法在1 m~2的平板上,定位绝对误差平均值小于10 mm。
Aiming at the problem of leak location in the pressure vessel (such as on-orbit spacecraft), a positioning method based on acoustic sensor array is proposed. When a leak has occurred, the method obtains the ultrasonic signals propagating through the wall of the acoustic sensor array and analyzes the space-time correlation between the collected data of the sensors in the array to achieve rapid and accurate positioning of the leak source. The propagation characteristics of the ultrasonic signal excited by the leak in the thin plate are analyzed. It is proved that the correlation of the collected signal decreases with the increase of the distance between the collecting points, which guides the design and fabrication of the sensor array. At the same time, Positioning accuracy under different array element spacing conditions. Experimental results show that the positioning error is affected by the number of array elements and the spacing between array elements. When the number of array elements is 8 and the array element spacing is 8 mm, the algorithm locates the average value of absolute error Less than 10 mm.